Ncks extract time slice. Multidimensional Groupby#.

• Ncks extract time slice nc, that is, the out. 9}; do ncks -O -v P0,time -d time,${idx} ~/nco/data/in. The documentation for nco is called the NCO User’s Guide. nc ncks. g ncks -M -C -v time in. The intermediate file format typically used with Metgrid is a simple ASCII format with space-separated values. The -L4 argument causes level 4 compression to be used. Nov 20, 2016 · Now we can use ncks to extract values of snc within the lat range of 79-95. Select data by position using . Add -F, if you want to use Fortran indexing (to start from 1). Type "ncdump -v time filename. nc Nov 4, 2016 · I would like to extract the time series from a NetCDF file for several points (lat, lon, combinations). nc 87. I need to extract the same variable but for the period 185001 to 189912 in another nc file (for instance pr_CESM1_esmFdbk2_185001-189912. nc" (no quotes) to see what the time values are. sel with values or slices. 7292 -d lat ncks(1) man page. nc Or, something closer to your question, select the first time record and slice the spatial dimensions: Extract variables time and pressure from file in. x, LinuxPPC, LinuxAlpha, LinuxARM, LinuxSparc64, LinuxAMD64, SGI IRIX 5. nc start_time and end_time are integers. ths Jul 24, 2019 · ncks—netCDF Kitchen Sink. csv'。需要根据自己的数据文件和需要提取的区域进行修改。. nc: ncks -v time,pressure in. x, 5. nc However then I look at the out. 3. Level 4 is a good compromise between the amount of compression that is achieved and the amount of processing time required to do the compression. how many units of time are contained in the slice). Time unit for the slice length. Now that you have your array indices, you can extract data from the NetCDF file. e. In the documentation for ncks, it says that "ncks will print netCDF data in ASCII format ". I created the time dimension for a single netcdf like this: ncecat -O -u time clipppt193109. Multidimensional Groupby#. nc which Hi I have two netcdf precipitation files with different spatial and temporal resolutions: precip1 ny = 192 nx = 288 time = 248. g. 9 -s "%f\n" test. comprised of) only selected variable from the input file, like ncks \-v time,pressure in. nc -O outfile. nc that has only one variable in three dimensions (ncolumns,nlines,ntime). CDO tools page 3. 2 layer of Crust Stuffed with Extra . Step 3: Extract data from specified cells. nc Example to rename month in time both for variable -v and dimension -d: ncrename -v month,time -d month,time file. Jun 30, 2015 · ncks -d time,start_time,end_time in. The required region runs from 13 degrees west to 10 degrees east: longitudes -13 to 10. 3, forNCOVersion 5. nc (Each slice is 2lbs!) FUHGEDDABOUDIT. -s "%14. br. 5,22,72. NetCDF variables are read and written as one-dimensional vectors (e. nc -O U850. ncks -x -v time in. The -O argument tells ncks to over-write existing file without asking for Hi all, I have a NetCDF file with the time. nc fin3. I would like to extract the hourly data from this and write a new netCDF file that grabs the data at the top of each hour in the original ten minute file. I have no problem exporting everything except the time variable. IR output-file , or both. nc outfile. 文章浏览阅读923次，点赞7次，收藏6次。本文介绍了NCO（NetCDFOperators）工具在气象学中进行数据提取（如ncks-F-dlevel）、剔除多余维度（ncks-O-F-dlevel）、变量管理（ncwa、ncks-x-vvar）、文件合并（ncecat、ncrcat）以及按时间合并变量的技术。 The following example assumes fn is a file containing a 3-dimensional (lon,lat,time) variable called “ variable ”, and extracts a 5 x 5 pixel time series for 365 time steps: Python (xarray) Data is loaded lazily and only fully loaded when calculations are done, so you can slice (subset) data without loading it into memory. nc然而，我看了一下out. From the documentation: The nickname “kitchen sink” is a catch-all because ncks combines most features of ncdump and nccopy with extra features to extract, hyperslab, multi-slab, sub-set, and translate into one versatile utility. nc标题，所有变量仍然存在。 temp . remove the time variable from original. ncks will extract (and optionally create a new netCDF file comprised of) only selected variable from the input file, like ncextr but with these differences: Only variables and coordinates may be specifically included or excluded---all global attributes and any attribute associated with an extracted variable will be copied to the screen and/or Apr 13, 2017 · ncks XXX. x, MacOS X 10. -d longitude,10. , total, minimum, maximum, RMS). nc 88. cz Mar 19, 2015 · I would like to extract a spatial subset of a rather large netcdf file. Example to extract var1 and var2 and store in fileOUT. Aug 10, 2017 · I have a daily netcdf file (20060101) and the time dimension has 144 steps, so 10 minutes time steps within the file. gz’. nc atlantic_eddies. (Note that the "averagers" are misnamed because they perform many non-linear operations as well, e. nc Pack all variables in file in. nc # unsuccessful. nc和out. Create netCDF out. •ncks -O -v TS,V in. From the documentation I noticed the variable that you want to extract needs to have the "coordinates" attributes set to the variables referring the longitude and latitude. So, the Times variable of a file looks like (the result of ncdump -v Times infile. Starting at age of 15 working at Pisa Pork Store in Brooklyn, NY, moving to Nashville, TN to open his own restaurant, then to Panama City Beach, FL. nc out . nc ncks -C -v time,pressure in. NCO User Guide A suite of netCDF operators Edition 5. nc (number1和number2对应提取时间节点在整个序列所处的位置，Stride，步长，视情况而定) ncrcat: netCDF Record Concatenator The netCDF Operators (NCO) comprise a dozen standalone, command-line programs that take netCDF, HDF, and/or DAP files as input, then operate (e. nc The first version of the command creates an out. Some NCO commands make use of a "record" dimension. nc) using the NCO commands. Right now, ncks outputs the value in the middle of a lot of other infos and it is hard for me to tell to my scripts where is the actual data in the output (I use a combination of Grep and Sed with the unit of the data I am extracting and some other tricks - but as the unit of the data I extract changes, so do my scripts - I can make it a Apr 12, 2019 · ncks实现了ncdump和nccopy的大部分功能，此外还可以extract, hyperslab, multi-slab, sub-set, and translate 。. 8f\n" -H -v time 20100115-071656-intake-TS_THSAL_01. If you want a specific time and lon range, simply add it on! For example, ncks -v snc -d lat,79,95 -d lon,0,25 -d time,0,5 infile. 5 infile. nc output_nc. NetCDF, which stands for Network Common Data Form, is a set of software libraries and self-describing data formats used to create, access, and share scientific data, particularly in the fields of meteorology, oceanography, and climate science. 96921e+36f ; kd_490:long_name = "Downwelling attenuation coefficient at 490nm, derived using Lee 2005 equation and bbw from Zhang 2009 (following the SeaDAS Kd_lee algorithm)" ; kd_490:units = "m-1" ; kd_490:ancillary Feb 7, 2019 · I am trying to extract certain variables from netcdf files. nc file: ncks -v var1,var2 fileIN. ncks extracts … ncks: kitchen sink •Extracts a subset of data from an input file •Global attributes for that output file are overwritten. nc fixed. Is there a command to extract the 12 months of data for any given year and write it to a new NetCDF which will work for all files irrespective of the 'days since' date? Dear all, I have a big nc file named pr_Amon_CESM1-BGC_esmFdbk2_r1i1p2_185001-200512. My example here is for ending up with a 3D file of Atlantic Ocean, Eddy-component data, with final dimensions (lat, depth, time): ncks -d transport_reg,0 full_file. nc) Times = "2003-09-09_00:00:00" then, I want to change the Times to different time like Times = "2003-09-10_12:00:00" I have tried many times following some similar examples, but not succeeded yet. nc的头都在下面：--- temp1. In this dataset, the data start in Dec 1981 and end in Apr 2020. How to open and work with NetCDF data in R; by Alison Boyer; Last updated over 7 years ago Hide Comments (–) Share Hide Toolbars May 3, 2017 · Since it is an ASCII flat file, there are no "maximum number of columns" in a csv file. Mozzarella Cheese, Pepperoni, Ham, Sausage, Green Peppers, Red Onions, Black Olives, Mushrooms and our. nc 89. Mar 24, 2018 · 我试图通过输入命令从多变量netcdf文件中提取变量： 然而，然后我看看out. What do I need to do in order to simply extract the variable to text? It is just text. nc z_1. Jul 2, 2019 · One approach: direct use of netCDF operators [ NCO ]: *%>* ncks -d time,0 z. For example, if you only want to have the variable tsurf (surface temperature) over Europe, you can use. nc #seemed to work 2. float kd_490(time,lat,lon) ; kd_490:_FillValue = 9. , derive new data, compute statistics, print, hyperslab, manipulate metadata) and output the results to screen or files in text, binary, or netCDF formats. cdo -selvar,tsurf -sellonlatbox,-44. The time is superior to 36526 but I have few values that are set to missing value (0) I want to get only time > 36526 So I do this: ncks -d time,36526. Feb 1, 2019 · ncks -v flash_lon -x file. nc You can add as many dimension slices as you want using ncks. Otherwise the you will be prompted whether to append to or to overwrite out. Here's what i tried: 1. Stupid question, but I'm trying to extract a single variable at a single location (lat/long) but also include the time variable. nc的标题如下： out. . For next steps Reading NetCDF data in MatLab Katja Fennel Outline Function overview Oxygen example 10. (on command line) nco. How could I do that, so that the lat lon values are read each time from a . xz. I have been able to pull out the date / time in the format "dd-mmm-yyyy hh:mm:ss". NCO can normal ncks -v time,pressure in. Concatenate several time slice to one timeserie. In NARCCAP data, this is always the time dimension. Thanks /ncks -C -v st -d lat,45. Over 40 years of experience in the restaurant industry and over 30 years owning his own business. nc# ncra 85. Suppose we want to extract the times for which we have full years (e. 6k次，点赞3次，收藏18次。本文档详细介绍了NCO包中的ncdump、ncks、ncrcat等工具的使用，包括如何进行四则运算、处理临时文件、利用符号链接以及设置命令行选项。特别提到了ncap2用于netCDF数据的算术运算，并提供了丰富的命令行示例。 Sep 7, 2020 · ncks: netCDF Kitchen Sink. Mar 29, 2025 · The NCO toolkit manipulates and analyzes data stored in netCDF-accessible formats, including DAP, HDF4, HDF5, and, most recently, Zarr. I need a loop that allows me to download singular timestep Mar 23, 2017 · I have a netCDF file with ten minute resolution data. Now I want to create one netcdf file for each 10 min time step with nco. nc (which removes the problematic `serial_date_number dimension`) ncks -C -x -v time original. Sometimes we want to get a particular time slice from our data. The out. nc文件中 ncwa -a time,lev U850. nc Dec 6, 2016 · How do I extract the last variable in the data_array group? If I use ncks, I can extract all of data_array like this: ncks -v data_array test_nc. That is, to extract data for all variables from 11pm to 4am for each day in the data file. Since it is extremely slow to extract one slice (several minutes), I read about how to optimize the process. • Variable will be overwritten if it already exists in output file • If record dimension is different, then ncks will create a new record dimension. nc, using scale_factor and add_offset attributes: Jun 30, 2015 · ncks -d time,start_time,end_time in. nc | more To pass from the fixed size time dimension to an UNLIMITED time dimension you will use: ncks -O --mk_rec time file2. Select timeseries data by date/time with values or slices Mar 23, 2018 · 通过输入以下命令，我试图从多变量netcdf文件中提取一个变量：ncks -v ta temp1. May 2, 2018 · I want to either convert this netCDF file to plain text tabular data in ASCII format (extract plain text data of Germany grid from chosen E-OBS netCDF grid data). You can specify directly the longitude and latitude values in this way: Figure: Example output from ncview command. nc file to create a new file with only time: ncks -v time original. Indices are given in the same order, so 15,20 on the map is yc=15, xc=20. ncks -d time I am currently using ncks -d id,23919 infile. nc | more##查看数据内容 ncks -H -v u -d lev,15 -d time,56,1136 ARM95_4scam. From Loop through netcdf files and run calculations - Python or R from pylab import * import netCDF4 f = netCDF4. nc. nc file_time. precip2 lat = 94 lon = 192 time = 124 . NCO netCDF Operators version 4. I can extract and work on ranges of time, but not a range of time per day, for many days. nc done If P0, which has no time dimension, is altered by time subscripting then something is wrong. ncks: kitchen sink • Extracts a subset of data from an input file • Global attributes for that output file are overwritten. No space between dimension name and start-end points! 1. g, Jan 1982 to Dec 2019. nc # 2. For example, if the unit is MONTH and the slice_length is 2, then each slice is 2 months wide. So at the end it should create 144 files. Mykplan Sign In slice_length. nc output. nc: Remove US variable from in. x, Sun SunOS 4 The easiest way to extract a variable at a given point from a netCDF file is by using the NCO tools (free software), the command you need is (ncks): ncks -v u10max,v10max -d lon,145. nc fin2. nc ~/${idx}. nc #3. May 18, 2020 · If installing from source is not an option, then manual intervention would be required (e. nc ncwa -a transport_reg atlantic_eddies I have the following . nc Dec 19, 2020 · I am trying to extract a geographic subregion from global NetCDF files available over opendap. Forum: Help. I will store each as a csv file. nc XXX and YYY can be found by just paging through the text output from, e. x, DEC OSF, NEC Super-UX 10. nc and store the results in out. These formats are in- Aug 3, 2017 · Hi, all. extracting time slice (without averaging) Command-line operators for netCDF and HDF files Subsetting in time can be performed by specifying the actual time written as floating point numbers or the time index values written as integers. Jun 23, 2020 · I want to use nco to extract variables and dimensions from a very large netcdf file. ,50. nc atlantic_file. nc fout_123. nc z_0. The User’s Guide is available in Postscript, html, dvi, TEXinfo, and Info formats. nc ##平均掉time和气压水平. in. I'd like to regrid precip1 to the resolution of precip2, then sum up every two time steps in precip1 to reach the temporal resolution of precip2. Extract the source files from the resulting tarfile with ‘tar -xvf nco. Extract variables. Dec 5, 2011 · The -4 argument tells ncks to produce a netCDF-4 format file. gnu tar lets you perform both operations in one step with ‘tar -xvzf nco. I tried to create the time variable ncks -A -s time a. 2. In its time on Earth, NCO has been successfully ported and tested on so many 32- and 64-bit platforms that if we did not write them down here we would forget their names: IBM AIX 4. net Nov 19, 2016 · I can extract for example the first time record using: ncks -d time,0,0 u. x, GNU/Linux 2. csv file. ncks -d time,‘1979-1’,,12 # First through third longitudes # First through third longitudes # First through third longitudes # Third to last longitudes Apr 13, 2015 · For working with NetCDF files, I like to write a small python program and process the data there. , compression Indexing and Selecting Data# Learning Objectives#. Perhaps we have two datasets and we want to select the time slice that is common to both. Extract size of a dimension. n Skip to main content I am using the following to extract point time series from my spatio-temporal (time x lon x lat) netCDF files: var = discharge lon = 40. NCO exploits the geophysical expressivity and logic of many CF (Climate & Forecast) metadata conventions, the flexible description of physical dimensions translated by UDUnits, the network transparency of OPeNDAP, the storage capabilities (e. nc b. ncks combines every feature we could think of, except the kitchen sink, into one versatile utility to manipulate netCDF files. In the example below, I compute the average precipitation over several months using python, then pass the resulting product as a raster to ArcMap. nc). nc But I do not know to reproduce such command with p NCO identifies kd_490_bias and kd_490_rmsd as associated variables because of the ancillary_variables attribute in kd_490:. ncks可以从输入文件中提取数据，如果指定了地理信息文件(map-file)，还可以执行插值操作(regrid)，然后将结果输出到netCDF文件，二进制文件，或者屏幕。 Otherwise the you will be prompted whether to append to or to overwrite out. : ncks -d latitude,40. 7. nc and write to out. , ncks -v doy -C --trd in. 0 ncks - O - v $ var - d longitude , $ lon - d latitude , $ lat in . nc etc === I speculate the Climate Data Operators May 8, 2023 · Convert NetCDF to intermediate format: Once you have NCO installed, you can use the ncks command to extract the variables you need from the NetCDF file and save them in a new file format that can be processed with Metgrid. I would highly recommend not thinking of this data in terms of a spread sheet and articulate your analysis in a way that makes use of the format at hand. nc a. Extract a variable; Change the value at one gridpoint. nc which contains time, pressure, and any coordinate variables associated with pressure. See full list on linux. nc testU. ncks -d time,min,max,stride infile. This indicates the width of the slice (i. nc header ---dimensions: time = UNLIMITED ; // (124 currently) lon = 256 ncks -x -v time in. nc头，所有的变量都还在。Tem1. ncrcat fin1. 5,64. nc contains all variables of in. I have a number of nc files and each file containing many variables at each output time. • ncks -O -v TS,V in. out, which ofc does not work and outputs an out of range error). The above example allowed us to visualize the data on a regular latitude-longitude grid. nc special skills: 2、convert time from a record dimension to a non-record dimension ncks will extract (and optionally create a new netCDF file comprised of) only selected variable from the input file, like ncextr but with these differences: Only variables and coordinates may be specifically included or excluded---all global attributes and any attribute associated with an extracted variable will be copied to the screen and/or Apr 21, 2020 · I have used the command line below to extract data for the individual station but this takes longer and one can easily make mistake while modifying stations coordinates. nc | more I want to extract sensible Average over lat/lon and a particular time: There are a number of options common to most or all NCO commands. nc time. 3 March 2025 by Charlie Zender Departments of Earth System Science and Computer Science ncks -O -x -v US in. (2 pounder slices) Mama Mia! slice : extract a slice at a given dimension’s range¶. Creator: Hi Declan, There a couple of ways to achieve this , Can use ncks e. nc4 file and for each lat and long I would like to extract the date/time and the value. In any case, the time_increment, begin_date, and begin_time attributes are non-standard Do you realize that this loop causes out. nc *%>* ncks -d time,1 z. 4 -d lon,258. I think that I would do this with the ncks -d hyperslab flag but I am not entirely sure if this is the best way. 3 Operating systems compatible with NCO ¶. nc from the second version is guaranteed to contain only two variables time and pressure. , things like averaging, concatenating, subsetting, or metadata manipulation. nc ncrcat. If out. netCDF Operators (NCO)# NCO is a suite of programs designed to perform certain “operations” on netCDF files, i. Jan 16, 2018 · ncks - kitchen sink (extract, cut, paste, print data) ncpdq - permute dimensions quickly; ncra - running averager; ncrcat - record concatenator; ncrename - renamer; ncwa - weighted averager; CDO (Climate Data Operators) This is an equally capable set of netCDF tools written by the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology. nc ##查看搜索lev数组第15元素，time数组在56，1136标号内，变量为u的数据并输出到U850. Jun 11, 2021 · With it you can extract single regions, time slices and variables from your somewhat too large file. nc does not exist it will be created. nc 86. x, FreeBSD 4. nc test. nc and parse the output. txt However, the file is not in readable text. But what if we want to do a calculation that involves grouping over one of these physical coordinates (rather than the logical coordinates), for example, calculating the mean temperature at each latitude. Jul 7, 2022 · Within each NetCDF file, there is a variable a, from which I have to extract several data series The dimension is (1440,721,6,8760). nc, including any needed dimensions, coordinate variables, and variable attributes: ncks -v time,pressure in. date_or_time_part. csv file? I am also working on the wave model WaveWatch, and I planned to use the ncks -X option to subset data from a specific region of my grid over time dimension. ncks可以完成文件的提取、分割等操作，还可以根据给定的网格文件对数据进行插值。 ncks –d time, number1,number2, Stride in. ,30. Delicious Pizza Sauce. nc file3. The limitation is in the software and not the format. Extract a slice on specified dimension at a given range from the input dataset, and average this dimension. , change time to floating point in each input file with ncap2 -s 'time=float(time)' in. isel with values or slices. Feb 25, 2019 · Assuming that time is monotonic in your file and XXX is the first index where doy is 101 and YYY is the last index of doy is 101 then something like this will hyperslab all the doy=101 values: ncks -d time,XXX,YYY in. 1 Lab 10 Reading NetCDF data in MatLab Marine Modelling March 25, 2019 Sep 21, 2021 · The way to do this in NCO is to wrap a loop over time around use the sub-cycling form of the hyperslabber to eliminate the dupicate timestamps then loop over the days to create each file similar to this documented example here. nc Sep 9, 2014 · nco works fine, but just to list an alternative, one can also do it using cdo (climate data operators), which I find easier to remember. Jul 5, 2017 · This is too much data, so I am trying to extract data based on the time of day. Command-line operations are extremely useful for processing model data given that modelers often work in a UNIX-type environment. I already found similar questions where they use. Examples of combinations of commands used to perform common calculations: ncks -F -d time,1,,8 input. nc 8589. This needs to be the first dimension and is unlimited in extent. ncks可以说是NCO中处理netCDF文件的又一神器（毕竟是厨房神器），是最长使用的命令之一。 ncks可以完成ncdump和nccopy的大部分功能，同时还可以实现文件的提取、分割等操作，还可以根据给定的网格文件对数据进行插值。 Otherwise the you will be prompted whether to append to or to overwrite out. First, you need to get a command prompt. nc to filter them out. However, I only want to extract the variable corresponding to N=3 in data_array. out to extract the data, but I would like to forgo completely using the id array position and instead use the required value (much like ncks -d id,9507523 infile. 0 lat = 30. I input-file and either prints it as ASCII text to stdout, or writes (or pastes) it to . The following code works if I apply it to a single file: ncks -C -F -d nj_u,151,152,1 ni_u,234,235,1 -v vel_u 20091208000001. May 26, 2021 · I already have written a ncks code to extract data from the Hycom Database, however, due to server issues I can only download one timestep at a time. Any solution using python netCDF4 or nco tools will work for me (but not using cdo), also needs to work The units of the time dimension are "days since yyyy-mm-dd", where the base date varies from file to file. nc ncks, netCDF Kitchen Sink ncpdq, netCDF Permute Dimensions Quickly, Pack Data Quietly ncra, netCDF Record Averager ncrcat, netCDF Record Concatenator ncrename, netCDF Renamer ncwa, netCDF Weighted Averager. nc out. nc ncwa -a moc_comp atlantic_eddies. 2 built by buildd on lcy01-amd64-004 at Jan 25 2018 19:04:04 ncks version 4. These include -v for specifying the variable and -d for choosing a dimensional slice. nc header 我预计只有在外面。 Data in the file is stored in the order [time,yc,xc]. Time Slicing. nc:subset variables with lon(12) ncra–n 5,2,1 85. x and 6. nc atlantic_eddies_reduced. No space between dimension name and start-end points! B ncks extracts a subset of the data from . nc to be overwritten every iteration? The following works fine for me, and appears equivalent to what you are doing for idx in {0. I am not sure how to get -s to export the variables of interest as well as time. nc May 29, 2014 · The NCO (netCDF Operator) command ncks (netCDF Kitchen Sink). I need to extract ~20k slices of dimension (1,1,1,8760) from each NetCDF file. Select data by label using . . nc ncks -d moc_comp,1 atlantic_file. •Variable will be overwritten if it already exists in output file •If record dimension is different, then nckswill create a new record dimension. nc except US ncks –O –d lon,12 in. I can use R to work with this data manipulation, then I will use its output data (plain text data in ASCII ) in ArcGIS desk for different interpolation. slice : extract a slice at a given dimension’s range¶. The slice_length must be an integer greater than or equal to 1. ncks -v snc -d lat,79,95 infile. tar’. nc 以上Python代码假设你已经将下载的CMIP6数据文件保存为'filename. 3 Get a single time slice of the data, create an R data frame, and write a . die. tar. The Mama Mia. extract time from the original. MFDataset('/ Jun 21, 2021 · With NCO I can easily create subset from netCDF file based on given coordinates, e. Dec 10, 2020 · 文章浏览阅读7. g May 31, 2023 · I am trying to extract a variable from a multi-variable netcdf file, by entering the command: ncks -v ta temp1. I know that I have to use ncks, but the structure of my original file is so Apr 21, 2015 · # 1. nc header, all the variables are still there. nc U850. nc containing all >> ncks pr_Amon_CCSM4_historical_r1i1p1_185001-200512. nc Extract variables time and pressure from netCDF in. nc'，并且将导出的CSV文件保存为'output. cnl文件 <pre> Hamza Khan Asks: Create loop for ncks to extract NetCDF data from Hycom using Python I already have written a ncks code to extract data from the Hycom Database, however, due to server issues I can only download one timestep at a time. ncks extracts (a subset of the) data from input-file and and writes (or pastes) it in netCDF format will extract (and optionally create a new netCDF file. in outfile. nc Jan 18, 2025 · NCO, or NetCDF Operators, is a suite of command-line programs for manipulating and analyzing netCDF files. For input where the first desired record is index 10, the last desired index is unbounded, the number of records in a Extract a variable; Change the value at one gridpoint. ayejfhwj kikc dfa zstx dliel mebm faljh fcujwb argbux bwzsu tlqs xqwxwoy wepi ubgwes qrnpnt